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Pumlen lake is the second largest wetland located in the southern part of Manipur valley. The lake is situated in Thoubal District at an approximate distance of 40 km from Imphal city towards the southern lowlands of the valley, on the left side of the Imphal river at the geographical ordinates between 93o52’30’’ E to 93o55’18’’ E Longitude and 24o24’57’’ N to 24o28’30’’ N Latitude and at elevation of 767 metres above mean sea level (a.s.l). Pumlen is closely associated with Khoidum pat, Lamjao pat, Kakyai pat since they become a single water body during the rainy season. It is also indirectly connected with Kharung pat on the north. Loktak lake lies on the west of this lake. This lake is separated from Khoidum pat by a foot-path (about 6 ft.wide)joining south of Hiyanglam in the east and north of Arong in the west. Pumlen lake itself is having numerous sub-basins which are separated from each other during the dry season, when the water level is about 765 metres a.s.l. and most of these areas are used as low lying paddy field used for cultivation during the dry season (Devi, 1990). The lake receives water from precipitation, surface run off from its south-eastern denuded hills, and from the northern agricultural fields; and indirectly from the Sekmai river through Khoidum pat on northern side and from the impounded Manipur river which run along the western shore-line. 

This ancient lake plays an important role in the economy of Manipur. It serves as a source of water for irrigation and drinking water supply. The lake is also a source of livelihood for the rural fisherman who live in the surrounding areas. Human activity has led to severe pressure on the lake ecosystem.